Table I. Phenolic-related metabolite changes in bilberry VIGS fruits.
Determination of phenolics present in ripe bilberry fruit 42 d after injection of VIGS VmTDR4 and CHS constructs. HPLC analysis was undertaken on pooled samples of three individual fruits in each treatment. All values are provided in μg mg−1 dry weight, according to the protocol described in “Materials and Methods.” Data are means ± se. Values in the same column that are significantly different (P < 0.001) from the empty vector treatment are shown in boldface.
| Tissue Sample | Chlorogenic Acid | p-Coumaric Acid | Quercetin Derivatives | Delphinidin | Cyanidin |
| Untreated fruits | 200 ± 38.0 | 126 ± 10.0 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | 78.7 ± 4.5 | 55.0 ± 3.1 |
| Empty vector | 280 ± 36.0 | 276 ± 12.0 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 95.0 ± 10.6 | 67.7 ± 5.0 |
| VmTDR4 VIGS | 208 ± 22.0 | 172 ± 10.0 | 0.3 ± 0.04 | 33.8 ± 2.7 | 14.8 ± 0.6 |
| CHS VIGS | 196 ± 16.0 | 136 ± 0.06 | 0.9 ± 0.20 | 42.5 ± 1.8 | 33.8 ± 2.7 |