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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 19.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Rev. 2010 Jul;90(3):1195–1268. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00035.2008

Figure 3. Subthreshold and spiking resonance of a model neuron in the presence of noise.

Figure 3

The model neuron exhibits subthreshold membrane resonance at frequency fR ≃ 5 Hz. (A) Response with low noise. Top: input current with three (tonic, 5 Hz and 20 Hz sinusoidal current injection) epochs. The mean output firing rate remains constant (r0 = 20 Hz) throughout. Middle: a sample membrane trace. Bottom: poststimulus histogram. (B) Response with high noise. Same format as in (A). (C) Signal gain amplitude versus input frequency f (normalized to be one at f = 0). Firing rate resonance occurs at the subthreshold resonance frequency (f ≃ fR) with high noise (blue), but at the mean firing frequency (f ≃ r0) with low noise (red). D: Phase shift of the firing response relative to the sinusoidal input (positive: phase advance; negative: phase delay). Adapted with permission from [805].