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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 19.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Rev. 2010 Jul;90(3):1195–1268. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00035.2008

Figure 8. Trade-off between synchronization by long-range connections and minimization of the network wire cost.

Figure 8

(A) Oscillations in a network of interneurons coupled by inhibitory synapses, with local (Gaussian) connectivity (spatial length is 20 neurons, in a network of 4000 neurons). The network is essentially asynchronous. Upper panel: spike raster of sample neurons; middle panel: the voltage trace of a representative neuron; lower panel: the population firing rate. (B) Oscillations in a network with local and long-range connections. Neurons are connected with Gaussian distributed synapses (as in A) but p = 25% of the synapses are reconnected with a power law distribution. Note strong oscillatory rhythm. (C) Illustration of the connectivity probability functions: the Gaussian distributed connections are local (blue line), whereas long-range connections are described by a power distribution (red line). (D) With increasing reconnection probability p from the local Gaussian distribution to the power distribution, the network synchrony increases while the inverse of the wire-length of connections decreases. High synchrony at a low wire-cost corresponds to an optimal range of p values (a small ratio of long-range and short-range connections, shaded region). Reproduced with permission from [142].