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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Periodontol 2000. 2010 Oct;54(1):15–44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00377.x

Table 2.

Cell surface receptors and proteins targeted by gingipains.

Molecule Targeted cells Outcome Putative pathophysiological outcome Ref.
C5a receptor (C5aR, CD88) Neutrophils C5aR cleavage at the Lys18-Asp19 and Lys28-Thr29 peptide bonds by Kgp Suppressed neutrophil migration and activation (79)
CD14 Human monocytes Reduced tumor necrosis factor-α production in response to lipopolysaccharide Attenuation of the cellular recognition of bacteria may help P. gingivalis to evade the host immune system and contribute to sustained chronic inflammation (212)
CD14 Human gingival fibroblasts Reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-8 production (214)
CD14 U937 macrophage-like cells Suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α production in response to lipopolysaccharide (32)
CD4 and CD8 Human T cells Decreased mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A Impediment of T cell functions leading to impair responses at periodontitis sites (97)
CD2 and CD4 Human CD4+ T cells Decreased binding of anti-CD2 and anti-CD4 mAbs (238)
Intracellular adhesion molecula-1 (ICAM-1) Epithelial cell lines (KB and USC) Hindered ICAM-1 dependent adhesion of neutrophils Disruption of neutrophil-oral epithelium interaction (213)
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) Endothelial cell monolayers Reduced intercellular junctional CD31 expression and gap formation Increased vascular permeability and neutrophil influx, enhanced local inflammation (239)
CD31 Human neutrophils Removal of antiphagocytic signal (CD31) together with the generation of a novel “eat-me” signal leads to recognition of healthy neutrophils as apoptotic and their phagocytosis by macrophages Evasion of neutrophils antibacterial potential and effect on local inflammatory process (52)
Tumor necrosis factor-α Fibroblasts stably trensfected with cDNA of human protumor necrosis factor-α Suppressed activation of NFκB and lost of ability to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells Dysregulation of the cytokine network (121)
CD99 Human endothelial cell monolayers Inhibition of CD99 ligation-dependent expression of leukocyte adhesion Hindered leukocyte recruitment to infected site (243)
CD27 and CD70 Resting human T cells and activated B cells, respectively A reduction in CD27-ligation dependent co-stimulatory CD40L expression Downregulation of CD27/CD70-mediated lymphocytes activation (237)
Thrombomodulin (TM) Human endothelial cell Reduced thrombin-dependent activation of protein C Promotion of vascular coagulation and inflammation (77)