Table 3.
Multiple regression analysis of arterial elasticity (dependent variable) with demographic and anthropometric variables in the model
| Large artery elasticity (mL/mm Hg 3 10) |
Small artery elasticity (mL/mm Hg 3 100) |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
P trend | Unadjusted |
Adjusted |
P trend | ||||||
| N | Mean | Std Dev |
Mean | Std Error |
Mean | Std Dev |
Mean | Std Error |
|||
| Heart rate quintiles, beats/min | |||||||||||
| 36–55 | 1339 | 15.6 | 6.4 | 15.1 | 0.13 | <.0001 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 0.06 | .004 |
| 56–60 | 1312 | 14.2 | 5.6 | 14.0 | 0.13 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 0.06 | ||
| 61–64 | 1068 | 13.2 | 5.3 | 13.2 | 0.14 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 0.07 | ||
| 65–70 | 1287 | 12.5 | 4.7 | 12.5 | 0.13 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 0.06 | ||
| 71–130 | 1287 | 11.1 | 4.7 | 11.4 | 0.13 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 4.2 | 0.07 | ||
| Systolic/diastolic blood pressure< mm Hg | |||||||||||
| <110/75 | 1190 | 16.0 | 5.4 | 15.4 | 0.14 | Systolic <.0001 | 5.9 | 3.2 | 5.5 | 0.07 | Systolic <.0001 |
| ≥110/75 and <120/80 | 985 | 14.9 | 5.5 | 14.2 | 0.15 | Diastolic .09 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 0.07 | Diastolic <.0001 |
| ≥120/80 and <130/85 | 732 | 13.9 | 5.5 | 13.4 | 0.17 | Medication .97 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 0.09 | Medication .04 |
| ≥130/85 and <140/90 | 569 | 12.3 | 4.7 | 12.4 | 0.19 | 4.1 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 0.10 | ||
| ≥140/90 | 736 | 10.5 | 4.5 | 11.0 | 0.17 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 0.09 | ||
| Takes medication< all blood pressure values |
2081 | 12.2 | 5.5 | 12.6 | 0.11 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 0.05 | ||
| Body mass index< kg/m2 | |||||||||||
| < 23 | 913 | 12.6 | 5.7 | 12.1 | 0.16 | <.0001 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 3.9 | 0.08 | <.0001 |
| 23 to <25 | 889 | 13.4 | 5.4 | 12.8 | 0.15 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 0.08 | ||
| 25 to <30 | 2469 | 13.6 | 5.8 | 13.3 | 0.09 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 0.05 | ||
| 30 to <35 | 1322 | 13.5 | 5.4 | 13.8 | 0.13 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 0.07 | ||
| ≥ 35 | 700 | 13.0 | 5.3 | 14.2 | 0.18 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 0.09 | ||
| Diabetes | |||||||||||
| No | 5450 | 13.6 | 5.7 | 13.3 | 0.06 | .32 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 0.03 | .08 |
| Yes | 847 | 12.0 | 5.1 | 13.0 | 0.16 | 4.0 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 0.08 | ||
| Cigarette smoking (pack years) | |||||||||||
| 0 | 3268 | 12.9 | 5.5 | 13.3 | 0.08 | .009 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 4.6 | 0.04 | <.0001 |
| >0 but <10 | 1048 | 14.0 | 5.5 | 13.3 | 0.14 | 4.8 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 0.07 | ||
| 10 to <25 | 841 | 14.0 | 5.9 | 13.4 | 0.16 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 0.08 | ||
| 25 to <50 | 688 | 13.6 | 5.5 | 13.0 | 0.17 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 0.09 | ||
| ≥50 | 353 | 13.0 | 5.8 | 13.0 | 0.24 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 0.12 | ||
Notes: Blood pressure classified based on the highest category for the given systolic and diastolic levels.
P trend for heart rate and body mass index. P trend for systolic and diastolic blood pressures and P categorical for blood pressure medication; all 3 terms mutually adjusted. Specific pairwise comparisons are not presented.
*
Adjusted for all variables in Table 1.