Table 2.

Tropism and coreceptor usage of HIV-1 primary isolates from peripheral blood of women

					U87.CD4c
Viral isolate	Cognitive functiona	MT-2 cells	MDMb	Cell tropism	CCR5	CXCR4	Coreceptor tropism
1	NC	NSI	(+++)	M-tropic	(+++)	(−)	R5
2	NC	SI	(+++)	Dual	(−)	(+++)	X4
3	NC	SI	(+++)	Dual	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
4	NC	NSI	(−)	N/Dd	(+++)	(−)	R5
5	NC	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
6	NC	NSI	(−)	N/D	(+/−)	(+)	Dual
7	NC	NSI	(+/−)	M-tropic	(+++)	(−)	R5
8	NC	NSI	(+++)	M-tropic	(+++)	(+/−)	Dual
9	NC	NSI	(−)	N/D	(+++)	(−)	R5
10	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
11	CI	NSI	(+++)	M-tropic	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
12	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
13	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
14	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
15	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
16	CI	NSI	(−)	N/D	(+/−)	(−)	R5
17	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
18	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(++)	X4
19	CI	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
20	CI	SI	(+++)	Dual	(+++)	(+++)	Dual
21	CI	NSI	(+++)	M-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
LAIe	N/A	SI	(−)	T-tropic	(−)	(+++)	X4
BALf	N/Ag	NSI	(+++)	M-tropic	(+++)	(−)	R5

^aCognitive function includes two groups: NC (normal cognition) and CI (cognitive impairment). Cognitive impairment was determined using the American Academy of Neurology HIV-associated dementia criteria. The CI group includes asymptomatic (A), minor cognitive motor disturbance (MCMD), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD).

^bMonocyte-derived macrophages.

^cp24 antigen in ng/ml: (−): <0.2 ng/ml; (+/−): 0.2–0.5 ng/ml; (+): 0.5–1 ng/ml; (++): 1–2 ng/ml; (+++): >2 ng/ml.

^dN/D: Not determined because of lack of viral replication in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

^eHIV-1 laboratory strain, prototype T-tropic.

^fHIV-1 laboratory strain, prototype M-tropic.

^gN/A: Not applicable.