Table 1.
Reduced Elastic Modulus and Hardness values using Micro and Nanoindentation
Microindentation data illustrating average hardness values of tissues and respective attachment sites. The asterisks indicate significant differences in hardness values of PDL-alveolar bone (PDL-AB), alveolar bone (AB), and tubular dentin relative to cementum and PDL-cementum (PDL-C) enthesis. Table also includes ranges of reduced elastic modulus and hardness values using nanoindentation technique under wet conditions. These values are representative of heterogeneity of respective mineralized tissues and their attachment sites within the bone-PDL-cementum complex.
| Micro/Nanoindentation | Reduced Elastic Modulus ‘Er’ (GPa) | Hardness ‘H’(GPa) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone | PDL-AB | PDL-C | Cementum | Tubular Dentin | Bone | PDL-AB | PDL-C | Cementum | Tubular Dentin | |
| Microindentation (DRY) | 0.56 ± 0.1* | 0.42 ± 0.1* | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.64 ± 0.1* | |||||
| Nanoindentation (WET) | 0.2–9.6 | 0.1–1.0 | 0.1–0.6 | 1.1–8.3 | 10–25 | 0.01–0.15 | 0.01–0.03 | 0.01–0.02 | 0.014–0.19 | 0.3–0.9 |
Significant difference (P < 0.05) with respect to PDL-C enthesis site and cementum