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Reported modulatory messengers of ghrelin.
| Messenger/mediator | Site/mechanism |
|---|---|
| (1) phospholipase C | GHS receptor-transfected cells |
| (2) protein kinase C | neurons |
| (3) cAMP potentiation | pituitary |
| (4) nitric oxide | vasculature |
| (5) urocortin-2 receptor | pancreas, stomach |
| (6) mitogen-activated protein kinase | cardiomyocytes |
| (7) extracellular-regulated kinase | cardiomyocytes |
| (8) potassium and calcium channels | islets, somatotropes |
| (9) AMP kinase | neurons, gastric mucosa |
