Table 4.

Time 1 Depression and Hypomania Predicting Negative and Positive Achievement Events Among Bipolar Spectrum Participants (N =75)

	Negative achievement					Positive achievement
	B	SE B	β	t		B	SE B	β	t
Step 1					Step 1
T1 negative achievement	.34	.07	.52	5.04**	T1 positive achievement	.33	.14	.28	2.46*
Step 2					Step 2
T1 negative achievement	.34	.07	.52	5.06**	T1 positive achievement	.33	.14	.28	2.39*
Gender	−.65	.47	−.14	−1.38	Gender	−.04	.63	−.007	−.06
Step 3					Step 3
T1 negative achievement	.35	.07	.53	5.03**	T1 positive achievement	.30	.13	.26	2.28*
Gender	−.61	.47	−.13	−1.31	Gender	.02	.61	.005	.04
T1 depression	.002	.05	.003	.03	T1 depression	−.02	.06	−.03	−.26
T1 hypomania	.22	.12	.20	1.81^	T1 hypomania	.42	.15	.33	2.79**
Step 4					Step 4
T1 negative achievement	.32	.07	.50	4.61**	T1 positive achievement	.29	.13	.25	2.23*
Gender	−.28	.52	−.06	−.54	Gender	.22	.67	.04	.33
T1 depression	.11	.09	.24	1.19	T1 depression	.05	.11	.09	.43
T1 hypomania	.20	.22	.18	.90	T1 hypomania	.70	.28	.55	2.53*
Gender × depression	−.15	.11	−.29	−1.43	Gender × depression	−.10	.13	−.16	−.76
Gender × hypomania	.008	.26	.006	.03	Gender × hypomania	−.40	.33	−.27	−1.22

Note. SE =standard error; T1 negative/positive achievement =T1 sum of negative or positive achievement events per 100 days; bipolar status =bipolar spectrum diagnosis versus normal control; T1 depression/hypomania =sum of depressive or hypomanic symptoms from Schedule for Affective Disorders-Change interview at T1. Negative achievement model: Step 1 F = 25.44**, R² = .27; Step 2 F = 13.84**, ΔF = 1.90, R² =.29, ΔR² =.02; Step 3 F = 8.06**, ΔF = 1.91, R² = .33, ΔR² = .04; Step 4 F = 5.79**, ΔF = 1.16, R² = .35, and ΔR² = .02. Positive achievement model: Step 1 F = 6.03*, R² = .08; Step 2 F = 2.97, ΔF = .003, R² = .08, ΔR² = <.001; Step 3 F = 3.69**, ΔF = 4.14*, R² = .18, ΔR² = .10; Step 4 F = 3.04*, ΔF = 1.59, R² = .22, and ΔR² = .04.

^*p<.05;

^**p <.01;

^{^}p<.10.