Table 1.
Bacteria and viruses possible etiological of biliary diseases.
| Primary biliary cirrhosis |
| (i) Detection of microorganisms |
| (a) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) |
| (b) lipoteichoic acid |
| (c) Helicobacter |
| (d) β-retrovirus |
| (e) P. acnes |
| (ii) Molecular mimicry between human and microbial PDC-E2 |
| (a) E. coli |
| (b) Mycobacterium |
| (c) Novosphingobium |
| (d) Lactobacillus |
| (e) Chlamydia |
| (iii) Biliary atresia |
| (a) Reovirus |
| (b) Rotavirus |
| (c) cytomegalovirus (CMV) |
| (d) adenovirus |
| (e) enterovirus |
| (f) Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) |
| (iv) Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| (a) Helicobacter |
| (b) α -hemolytic streptococcus |
| (v) Hepatolithiasis |
| (a) Escherichia coli (E. coli) |
| (b) Klebsiella |
| (c) Streptococcus |
| (d) Pseudomonas |
| (e) Bacteroides |
| (f) Clostridium |
| (g) Campylobacter |