Quantitative estimation of the reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)+ cells and dopamine (DA) after injection of α-synuclein (α-syn) small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs). (a) Unbiased estimation of TH+ cells remaining in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) after expression of α-syn or control siRNAs in rat SNc. The mean percentage of TH+ cells remaining plus standard error at 4 or 12 weeks was calculated by comparison with the uninjected side. One-way group analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the 4 weeks time point groups was F(5,23) = 17.47, P < 0.0001, Tukey's post hoc results are indicated as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001, when a group was compared to GFP or rhodopsin; +P < 0.05, ++P < 0.01, and +++P < 0.001 when a group was compared to si-312. There were no other significant differences between groups; N = 4–8 for each group. (b) Measurement of striatal DA. The amount of DA in striatal tissue was measured on the injected and uninjected sides of individual animals and is displayed as the mean percentage of DA remaining on the injected side compared with the uninjected side plus standard error. One-way group ANOVA statistics F(3,24) = 74.51, P < 0.0001, Tukey's post hoc for si-312 versus all controls at 4 weeks: ***P < 0.001. There were no other significant differences between groups; N = 4–10 for each group.