Table 3.
Association of the prevalence of diarrhoea among children with characteristics of participants, hand-washing, and food-hygiene behaviour
| Associated factor | Total (n=203)* | Diarrhoea |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases |
OR | 95% CI | |||
| No. | % | ||||
| Characteristics of children | |||||
| Age (months) | |||||
| 6–23 | 98 | 31 | 31.6 | 2.78 | 1.39–5.55 |
| 24–59 | 105 | 15 | 14.3 | 1.00 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 113 | 31 | 27.4 | 1.89 | 0.95–3.77 |
| Female | 90 | 15 | 16.7 | 1.00 | |
| Characteristics of mothers | |||||
| Education† | |||||
| Primary school/secondary school | 74 | 21 | 28.4 | 1.62 | 0.83–3.15 |
| High school/college/university | 127 | 25 | 19.7 | 1.00 | |
| Possession of refrigerator | |||||
| No | 75 | 20 | 26.7 | 1.43 | 0.73–2.79 |
| Yes | 128 | 26 | 20.3 | 1.00 | |
| Hand-washing | |||||
| Hand-washing with soap after toilet (children's hands)‡ | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 112 | 25 | 22.3 | 1.19 | 0.56–2.53 |
| Always water with soap | 67 | 13 | 19.4 | 1.00 | |
| Hand-washing with soap before eating (children's hands)¶ | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 133 | 27 | 20.3 | 0.70 | 0.34–1.44 |
| Always water with soap | 56 | 15 | 26.8 | 1.00 | |
| Hand-washing with soap after toilet (mothers) | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 82 | 16 | 19.5 | 0.74 | 0.37–1.46 |
| Always water with soap | 121 | 30 | 24.8 | 1.00 | |
| Hand-washing with soap before feeding (mothers) | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 115 | 24 | 20.9 | 0.79 | 0.41–1.53 |
| Always water with soap | 88 | 22 | 25.0 | 1.00 | |
| Food-hygiene behaviours | |||||
| Hand-washing with soap before food preparation | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 142 | 31 | 21.8 | 0.86 | 0.42–1.74 |
| Always water with soap | 61 | 15 | 24.6 | 1.00 | |
| Washing utensils§ | |||||
| Not always water with soap | 23 | 8 | 34.8 | 2.05 | 0.81–5.19 |
| Always water with soap | 179 | 37 | 20.7 | 1.00 | |
| Separating utensils for raw and cooked food§ | |||||
| No | 87 | 26 | 29.9 | 2.03 | 1.04–3.94 |
| Yes | 115 | 20 | 17.4 | 1.00 | |
| Place of preparing foods for cooking | |||||
| Not always on table | 57 | 20 | 35.1 | 2.50 | 1.25–4.97 |
| Always on table | 146 | 26 | 17.8 | 1.00 | |
* Participants who did not answer the question about diarrhoea (n=3) were excluded from analysis;
† Participants who did not answer this question (n=2) were excluded from analysis;
‡ Participants who did not answer this question (n=24) were excluded from analysis;
¶ Participants who did not answer this question (n=14) were excluded from analysis;
§ One participant who did not answer this question was excluded from analysis; CI=Confidence Interval; OR=Odds ratio