Table 3. Baseline patient characteristics by portal inflammation status, children only (N=205).
| Portal Inflammation | P-value* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (N=20) | Mild (N=156) | More than mild (N=29) | None vs. Mild | None vs. more than mild | |
| Age at biopsy (yrs) | 13.6 ∀ 2.0 | 13.0 ∀ 2.5 | 11.9 ∀ 2.3 | 0.25 | 0.01 |
| Gender | 0.11 | 0.24 | |||
| Male | 11 (55.0%) | 116 (74.4%) | 21 (72.4%) | ||
| Female | 9 (45.0%) | 40 (25.6%) | 8 (27.6%) | ||
| Race ** | 0.32 | 0.002 | |||
| White | 17 (100%) | 107 (75.4%) | 16 (57.1%) | ||
| Black | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0 (0%) | 6 (4.2%) | 2 (7.1%) | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 (0%) | 22 (15.5%) | 10 (35.7%) | ||
| More than 1 race reported | 0 (0%) | 4 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Ethnicity** | |||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 12 (60.0%) | 85 (54.8%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.81 | 1.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.46 | 0.57 | |||
| <30 | 7 (35.0%) | 56 (36.1%) | 6 (20.7%) | ||
| 30-34 | 8 (40.0%) | 43 (27.7%) | 14 (48.3%) | ||
| >35 | 5 (25.0%) | 56 (36.1%) | 9 (31.0%) | ||
| ALT(U/L)H, median (IQR) | 95 (71-152) | 101 (78-139) | 114 (69-188) | 1.0 | 0.58 |
| ANAI | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| Negative | 16 (84.2%) | 129 (84.9%) | 24 (82.8%) | ||
| Positive | 3 (15.8%) | 23 (15.1%) | 5 (17.2%) | ||
| ASMA’ | 0.81 | 1.0 | |||
| Negative | 11 (57.9%) | 71 (53.0%) | 14 (56.0%) | ||
| Positive | 8 (42.1%) | 63 (47.1%) | 11 (44.0%) | ||
| Insulin (μU/mL), median (IQR) | 23 (15-44) | 27 (17-41) | 24 (12-43) | 0.68 | 0.85 |
| HOMA-IR&, median (IQR) | 5 (3-11) | 6 (4-9) | 5 (2-9) | 0.76 | 0.70 |
| Use of any medications | 19 (95.0%) | 128 (82.1%) | 24 (82.8%) | 0.20 | 0.38 |
| Use of meds associated w/w orsening of NAFLD | 0 (0%) | 13 (8.3%) | 1 (3.5%) | 0.37 | 1.0 |
| Medications used to treat/effect: | |||||
| Diabetes | 5 (25.0%) | 8 (5.1%) | 1 (3.5%) | 0.008 | 0.03 |
| NAFLD | 5 (25.0%) | 12 (7.7%) | 1 (3.5%) | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Obesity | 1 (5.0%) | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (3.5%) | 0.31 | 1.0 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1 (5.0%) | 3 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.39 | 0.41 |
| All other medical conditions | 17 (85.0%) | 118 (75.6%) | 24 (82.8%) | 0.57 | 1.0 |
| Multivitamin | 8 (40.0%) | 22 (14.1%) | 6 (20.7%) | 0.008 | 0.20 |
Note: Values are means ∀ SD or N=s (%)
*
P-values calculated from Fisher=s Exact Test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables
**
18 patients did not report race; 1 patient did not report Hispanic ethnicity
H
Only ALT values collected 6 months prior to liver biopsy or 1 month after liver biopsy were included in analysis (N=114)
I
ANA: Negative: <1:40, Positive: ∃1:40
’
ASMA: Negative: <1:20, Positive: ∃1:20
&
HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment method for insulin resistance, calculated as (fasting insulin (μU/mL)*fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5