Fig. 3.

MyD88 is the dominant pathway governing the TLR4-triggered molecular inflammatory responses within the intestinal muscularis externa during early endotoxemia. A–C: MyD88- and TRIF-dependent gene expression of muscularis inflammatory mediators. The remarkable differences in fold increase between the MyD88 strain and the TRIF strain are mainly a result of a nonsignificant higher baseline of inflammatory mediator expression in MyD88^+/+ sham mice compared with TRIF^+/+ sham mice. Results are means ± SE; n = 4–6; sham vs. UP-LPS 5 mg/kg ip at 6 h. iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; GM-CSF, granulomonocyte colony stimulating factor; CXCL10, IP-10/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10. For P values, see individual panels, statistical analysis by ANOVA with Tukey post hoc group comparisons.