Table 3.
Adjusted Means for Anxiety Outcomesa
| Interventionb | Usual Careb | Difference (95% CI) | P Value | Effect Size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-12) Score | |||||
| Baseline | 16.38 (15.60 to 17.17) | 16.24 (15.46 to 17.03) | 0.14 (−0.97 to 1.25) | 0.90 | 0.02 (−0.14 to 0.18) |
| 6 months | 9.19 (8.42 to 9.95) | 11.68 (10.90 to 12.46) | −2.49 (−3.59 to −1.40) | <0.001 | −0.30 (−0.43 to −0.17) |
| 12 months | 8.22 (7.45 to 8.99) | 10.85 (10.07 to 11.63) | −2.63 (−3.73 to −1.54) | <0.001 | −0.31 (−0.44 to −0.18) |
| 18 months | 8.21 (7.43 to 8.98) | 9.84 (9.05 to 10.62) | −1.63 (−2.73 to −0.53) | 0.05 | −0.18 (−0.30 to −0.06) |
| Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) Score | |||||
| Baseline | 29.57 (28.37 to 30.78) | 29.89 (28.68 to 31.10) | −0.32 (−2.03 to 1.39) | 0.90 | −0.02 (−0.13 to 0.08) |
| 6 months | 19.69 (18.41 to 20.96) | 24.00 (22.71 to 25.29) | −4.31 (−6.13 to −2.50) | <0.001 | −0.31 (−0.44 to −0.18) |
| 12 months | 17.37 (16.10 to 18.64) | 22.11 (20.83 to 23.40) | −4.74 (−6.55 to −2.93) | <0.001 | −0.34 (−0.47 to −0.21) |
| 18 months | 16.80 (15.52 to 18.08) | 20.37 (19.08 to 21.67) | −3.57 (−5.39 to −1.76) | 0.002 | −0.26 (−0.39 to −0.13) |
| Depression (PHQ-8) Score | |||||
| Baseline | 12.60 (12.07 to 13.12) | 12.47 (11.94 to 12.99) | 0.13 (−0.61 to 0.87) | 0.90 | 0.02 (−0.09 to 0.13) |
| 6 months | 7.48 (6.93 to 8.02) | 9.05 (8.49 to 9.60) | −1.57 (−2.35 to −0.79) | 0.002 | −0.25 (−0.37 to −0.12) |
| 12 months | 6.64 (6.07 to 7.22) | 8.87 (8.28 to 9.45) | −2.22 (−3.05 to −1.40) | <0.001 | −0.37 (−0.51 to −0.23) |
| 18 months | 6.47 (5.92 to 7.03) | 7.92 (7.36 to 8.49) | −1.45 (−2.24 to −0.66) | 0.006 | −0.24 (−0.37 to −0.11) |
| Sheehan Disability Score | |||||
| Baseline | 16.77 (16.14 to 17.40) | 17.15 (16.51 to 17.78) | −0.38 (−1.27 to 0.52) | 0.90 | −0.05 (−0.17 to 0.07) |
| 6 months | 9.14 (8.42 to 9.86) | 11.63 (10.89 to 12.36) | −2.49 (−3.52 to −1.46) | <0.001 | −0.32 (−0.46 to −0.19) |
| 12 months | 8.24 (7.50 to 8.97) | 11.69 (10.94 to 12.43) | −3.45 (−4.49 to −2.40) | <0.001 | −0.44 (−0.59 to −0.32) |
| 18 months | 8.37 (7.62 to 9.12) | 10.89 (10.13 to 11.65) | −2.52 (−3.59 to −1.45) | <0.001 | −0.35 (−0.47 to −0.19) |
| Physical Health Composite Score (SF-12v2) | |||||
| Baseline | 49.02 (48.02 to 50.02) | 49.32 (48.32 to 50.32) | −0.30 (−1.71 to 1.11) | 0.90 | −0.03 (−0.17 to 0.11) |
| 6 months | 47.81 (46.79 to 48.83) | 47.23 (46.20 to 48.25) | 0.59 (−0.86 to 2.03) | 0.90 | 0.05 (−0.07 to 0.17) |
| 12 months | 47.72 (46.68 to 48.77) | 47.82 (46.77 to 48.87) | −0.10 (−1.58 to 1.38) | 0.90 | −0.01 (−0.16 to 0.14) |
| 18 months | 48.22 (47.18 to 49.26) | 47.35 (46.30 to 48.40) | 0.87 (−0.61 to 2.35) | 0.90 | 0.08 (−0.05 to 0.22) |
| Mental Health Composite Score (SF-12v2) | |||||
| Baseline | 31.64 (30.76 to 32.51) | 32.06 (31.19 to 32.94) | −0.43 (−1.66 to 0.81) | 0.90 | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.07) |
| 6 months | 43.98 (42.94 to 45.01) | 39.99 (38.93 to 41.04) | 3.99 (2.52 to 5.47) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.21 to 0.47) |
| 12 months | 45.65 (44.54 to 46.76) | 40.29 (39.17 to 41.41) | 5.36 (3.78 to 6.93) | <0.001 | 0.47 (0.33 to 0.61) |
| 18 months | 45.64 (44.57 to 46.71) | 41.75 (40.67 to 42.84) | 3.89 (2.37 to 5.42) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.24 to 0.54) |
| Healthy Days Score | |||||
| Baseline | 11.46 (10.60 to 12.32) | 11.16 (10.30 to 12.03) | 0.30 (−0.92 to 1.52) | 0.90 | 0.04 (−0.12 to 0.20) |
| 6 months | 5.74 (4.96 to 6.51) | 7.81 (7.02 to 8.60) | −2.07 (−3.18 to −0.97) | 0.005 | −0.24 (−0.37 to −0.11) |
| 12 months | 5.77 (4.95 to 6.58) | 7.51 (6.68 to 8.33) | −1.74 (−2.90 to −0.58) | 0.05 | −0.21 (−0.35 to −0.07) |
| 18 months | 5.06 (4.28 to 5.84) | 6.94 (6.15 to 7.73) | −1.88 (−3.00 to −0.77) | 0.02 | −0.19 (−0.30 to −0.08) |
| Satisfaction with Overall Health Care Score | |||||
| Baseline | 3.68 (3.59 to 3.77) | 3.75 (3.66 to 3.84) | −0.07 (−0.20 to 0.06) | 0.90 | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.05) |
| 6 months | 4.17 (4.07 to 4.26) | 3.75 (3.66 to 3.85) | 0.41 (0.28 to 0.55) | <0.001 | 0.40 (0.27 to 0.54) |
| 12 months | 4.03 (3.93 to 4.13) | 3.80 (3.70 to 3.90) | 0.22 (0.08 to 0.37) | 0.03 | 0.22 (0.08 to 0.37) |
| 18 months | 3.88 (3.77 to 3.98) | 3.79 (3.68 to 3.89) | 0.09 (−0.06 to 0.24) | 0.90 | 0.09 (−0.06 to 0.24) |
| Satisfaction with Mental Health Care Score | |||||
| Baseline | 3.23 (3.14 to 3.33) | 3.27 (3.17 to 3.36) | −0.03 (−0.17 to 0.10) | 0.90 | −0.03 (−0.17 to 0.10) |
| 6 months | 4.16 (4.06 to 4.26) | 3.38 (3.28 to 3.49) | 0.77 (0.63 to 0.92) | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.59 to 0.86) |
| 12 months | 3.88 (3.78 to 3.99) | 3.36 (3.26 to 3.47) | 0.52 (0.37 to 0.67) | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.34 to 0.62) |
| 18 months | 3.66 (3.55 to 3.77) | 3.40 (3.29 to 3.51) | 0.26 (0.10 to 0.41) | 0.02 | 0.24 (0.09 to 0.38) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PHQ-8, Patient Health Questionnaire; SF-12v2, SF-12v2 Health Survey.
a
All time effects were significant at P <.001 in all models. Intervention × time effects based on the WALD test were significant at P <.001 in all models for all outcomes except for the Physical Health Composite Score. All P values come from the longitudinal models (eg, given the estimates of the longitudinal model we obtained the predicted means at the four time points by intervention group and tested their difference at every time point using the correct t-test).
b
Data are presented as adjusted mean (95% confidence interval).