Table 2.

Association of individual atherosclerotic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness in linear regression models with and without adjustment for age and gender (n=1407).

	Without adjustment for age and gender			After adjustment for age and gender
	β (95%CI)	Standardized β	P value	β (95%CI)	Standardized β	P value
Age (per 10 years)	0.066 (0.062 to 0.070)	0.632	< 0.001	--
Sex (men vs women)	0.021 (0.003 to 0.039)	0.061	0.02	--
Systolic blood pressure (per 10mmHg)	0.037 (0.033 to 0.042)	0.412	< 0.001	0.012 (0.008 to 0.016)	0.133	< 0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (10mmHg)	0.037 (0.033 to 0.042)	0.412	< 0.001	0.012 (0.008 to 0.016)	0.133	< 0.001
HDL-cholesterol (per 10 mg/dL)	−0.0008 (−0.0098 to −0.0082)	−0.0045	0.866	−0.005 (−0.012 to 0.002)	−0.031	0.143
LDL-cholesterol (per 10 mg/dL)	0.012 (0.009 to 0.014)	0.219	< 0.001	0004 (0.002 to 0.006)	0.081	< 0.001
Triglycerides (per 10 mg/dL)	0.003 (0.002 to 0.004)	0.158	< 0.001	0.0005 (−0.0003 to 0.0013)	0.028	0.192
C-reactive protein (natural log)	0.021 (0.013 to 0.030)	0.135	< 0.001	−0.0001 (−0.0072 to 0.0069)	−0.0009	0.97
Smoking (current yes or no)	−0.027 (−0.051- to −0.003)	−0.059	0.026	0.021 (0.002 to 0.040)	0.046	0.029
Body mass index (per 5 units)	0.041 (0.031 to 0.051)	0.215	< 0.001	0.011 (0.003 to 0.018)	0.055	0.009
Impaired fasting glucose *	0.144 (0.105 to 0.183)	0.186	< 0.001	0.063 (0.032 to 0.095)	0.082	< 0.001
Diabetes mellitus †	0.146 (0.111to 0.181)	0.207	< 0.001	0.070 (0.041 to 0.098)	0.098	< 0.001

All models are age-standardized according to World Health Organization estimates on standard world population between 2000–2025. ;

^*Defined as fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dL;

^†Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL or use of antidiabetic medications. CI= Confidence Interval; HDL=high-density lipoprotein; LDL=low-density lipoprotein