Mean histological score. Scores of 0, 1, 2, or 3 were assigned to each sample of engineered cartilage produced from periosteum/PCL composites cultured in spinner flask bioreactors for six weeks. The scores reflect cell morphology, matrix orientation and organization, and layer development with a score of 3 resembling articular cartilage. The groups experiencing fluid flow during the six-week culture period had a significantly higher mean histological score than those groups cultured under static conditions (p<0.05). The data are presented as mean ± S.E.M., n=6-10. Lowercase letters indicate the results of post-hoc testing using the Least Squares Means Differences Student's t test (p<0.05). Columns with letters in common are not statistically different.