Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics and outcome for different etiologies
| Unknown cause | Progressive myogenic disease | CNS damage | Iatrogenic | Head and neck cancer surgery + RTH | Success short-term | Failure short-term | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative laryngeal elevationa | |||||||||
| Normal | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 42.9% | |
| Impaired | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 5 | 15 | 53.5% |
| ”None” | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3.6% | |||||
| Preoperative constrictor pharyngeal muscle activityb | |||||||||
| Normal | 4 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 25.0% | ||
| Reduced | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 14 | 50.0% |
| Absent (almost) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 25.0% |
| Preoperative aspirationc | |||||||||
| None | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 14.3% | |||
| Minor | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 28.6% |
| Major | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 4 | 16 | 57.1% |
| Postoperative aspirationc | |||||||||
| None | 9 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 17 | 60.7% |
| Minor | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 32.2% |
| Major | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7.1% | |||||
| Preoperative UES relaxationd | |||||||||
| Complete | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 13 | 5 | 18 | 64.3% |
| Incomplete | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 10 | 35.7% | |
| Postoperative UES relaxationd | |||||||||
| Complete | 11 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | 7 | 28 | 100.0% |
| Incomplete | |||||||||
| Outcome short-term | |||||||||
| Success | 11 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 21 | 75.0% | ||
| Failure | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 25.0% | ||||
aPreoperative fluoroscopy
bPreoperative manometry
cSignificant difference between aspiration pre- and postoperative (p < 0.05)
dSignificant difference between UES relaxation pre- and postoperative (p < 0.05)