Comparison of Thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) measurements in the volunteer, postoperative, and septic groups at baseline and at 24 and 48 hours in the septic group. Concentrations of Thioredoxin-1 (TRX1; (ng/ml)) were measured from the sera of healthy volunteers (“Healthy,” n = 18, white box), postoperative patients after major abdominal surgery (“Post-OP,” n = 28, light grey box), and patients with sepsis (“Sepsis,” n = 15, dark grey box), at t0 (measured once for the volunteer group, immediately after surgery for the postoperative group, and at the time of diagnosis of sepsis for the sepsis group). In addition, for the septic group, the two other times of data collection are represented, t24 and t48 for 24 and 48 hours, respectively, after the diagnosis of sepsis. Data in box plots is given as median, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, and the 1.5 interquartile range. Outliers are shown in form of circles (1.5-3 interquartile ranges above 75th percentile or below 25th percentile) or rectangles (>3 interquartile ranges above 75th percentile or below 25th percentile). Abbreviations: TRX1, Thioredoxin-1.