TABLE 2.
Clinical characteristics
| Home care (≥65 years) |
ALC (All) |
ALC (<75 years) |
ALC (≥75 years) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (CI) | N | % (CI) | N | % (CI) | N | % (CI) | N | ||
| Cognitive Status | |||||||||
| Moderate to very severe cognitive impairment1 | 11.0 (±0.2) |
12,502 | 36.3 (±1.1) |
5,086 | 32.5 (±2.8) |
598 | 37.2 (±1.1) |
4,488 | |
| Indications of delirium (last 7 days) | 1.9 (±0.1) |
2,155 | 8.6 (±0.6) |
1,183 | 6.3 (±1.5) |
116 | 8.8 (±0.7) |
1,067 | |
| Impaired short-term memory | 40.9 (±0.4) |
46,245 | 68.4 (±1.0) |
9,520 | 58.0 (±3.0) |
1,068 | 70.0 (±1.1) |
8,452 | |
| Communication | |||||||||
| Difficulty making self understood | 8.9 (±0.2) |
10,049 | 25.9 (±1.0) |
3,641 | 24.9 (±2.6) |
460 | 26.4 (±1.0) |
3,181 | |
| Difficulty understanding others | 9.8 (±0.2) |
11,088 | 29.5 (±1.0) |
4,089 | 25.7 (±2.6) |
473 | 29.9 (±1.1) |
3,616 | |
| Mood and Behavioural Status | |||||||||
| Signs of depression2 | 13.2 (±0.3) |
14,863 | 17.5 (±0.8) |
2,485 | 21.1 (±2.4) |
388 | 17.4 (±0.9) |
2,097 | |
| ANY behaviour3 | 6.3 (±0.2) |
7,161 | 19.0 (±0.9) |
2,622 | 18.7 (±2.3) |
344 | 18.9 (±0.9) |
2,278 | |
| ADL Functioning | |||||||||
| Independent | 67.1 (±0.4) |
75,828 | 9.1 (±0.6) |
1,266 | 16.3 (±2.2) |
300 | 8.0 (±0.6) |
966 | |
| Supervision/Limited impairment | 21.9 (±0.3) |
24,775 | 29.9 (±1.0) |
4,199 | 29.3 (±2.7) |
540 | 30.3 (±1.1) |
3,659 | |
| Extensive assistance required | 8.2 (±0.2) |
9,295 | 37.1 (±1.1) |
5,111 | 30.9 (±2.8) |
569 | 37.6 (±1.1) |
4,542 | |
| Dependent | 2.8 (±0.1) |
3,147 | 23.9 (±0.9) |
3,338 | 23.5 (±2.5) |
432 | 24.1 (±1.0) |
2,906 | |
| Health Conditions | |||||||||
| Unstable condition4 | 10.3 (±0.2) |
11,583 | 27.5 (±1.0) |
3,800 | 23.8 (±2.6) |
438 | 27.9 (±1.1) |
3,362 | |
| Falls (last 90 days) | None | 71.2 (±0.3) |
80,276 | 42.5 (±1.1) |
5,940 | 52.2 (±3.0) |
964 | 41.0 (±1.2) |
4,976 |
| ≥2 | 6.7 (±0.2) |
6,834 | 15.7 (±0.8) |
2,161 | 14.3 (±2.1) |
261 | 16.1 (±0.9) |
1,900 | |
| Co-morbidities5 | None | 8.2 (±0.2) |
9,241 | 6.9 (±0.6) |
974 | 8.4 (±1.7) |
155 | 6.6 (±0.6) |
797 |
| 1 | 29.5 (±0.3) |
33,371 | 24.0 (±0.9) |
3,339 | 26.0 (±2.6) |
479 | 23.7 (±1.0) |
2,864 | |
| 2–3 | 52.5 (±0.4) |
59,387 | 52.4 (±1.1) |
7,235 | 49.3 (±3.0) |
907 | 52.9 (±1.2) |
6,392 | |
| ≥4 | 9.8 (±0.2) |
11,047 | 16.7 (±0.8) |
2,365 | 16.3 (±2.2) |
300 | 16.7 (±0.9) |
2,021 | |
| Complexity6 | 30.0 (±0.4) |
33,875 | 52.4 (±1.1) |
7,233 | 59.6 (±2.9) |
1,098 | 51.2 (±1.2) |
6,181 | |
1 Based on the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) levels ≥3. Equivalent to 15 – 1 MMSE (Morris et al. 1994; Hartmaier et al. 1995).
2 Based on the interRAI Depression Rating Scale (DRS) (Burrows et al. 2000) levels ≥3.
3 Includes: wandering, verbal abuse, physical abuse, socially inappropriate behaviour and resisting care.
4 Based on the interRAI Changes in Health, End-stage Disease, and Signs and Symptoms (CHESS) Scale (Hirdes et al. 2003) levels ≥3.
5Co-morbidities include: congestive heart failure, Alzheimer's disease, non-Alzheimer's related dementia, Parkinsonism, arthritis, osteoporosis, psychiatric diagnosis, cancer, diabetes, renal failure and COPD.
6One or more of: psychiatric diagnosis, signs of depression (DRS 3+), hallucinations/delusions, cognitive impairment (CPS 3+), any behaviour, any antipsychotic medication use, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Note: All confidence intervals are 99% (alpha=0.01) unless otherwise specified.