. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 30.

Published in final edited form as: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2009 Feb 18;20(1):90–100. doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.4

Table 1.

Characteristics of 45 female Hmong study participants

	n	%		n	%
Age			Ever Smoked
19–29 y	14	31.1	Yes	1	2.2
30–39 y	19	42.2	No	42	93.3
≥ 40 y	12	26.7	Missing	2	4.4
Education			Lives with a Smoker
No formal educ	17	37.8	Yes	7	15.6
< High School	10	22.2	No	36	80.0
High School	11	24.4	Missing	2	4.4
>High School	6	13.3	Body Mass Index
Missing	1	2.2	≤ 25 kg/m²	18	40.0
Household Income			>25 to ≤ 30 kg/m²	18	40.0
<$24 999	25	55.6	>30 kg/m²	9	20.0
$25 000–$39 999	12	26.7	Season of First Urine Collection
$40 000–$59 999	6	13.3	Summer	21	46.7
Missing	2	4.4	Fall	24	53.3