Table 5.

Size and function of the RA and LA

	RA		LA
	Control group	Patient group	Control group	Patient group
Global parameters
Maximum volume, ml/body surface area	57.3 ± 9.3	50.8 ± 17.1	43.8 ± 10.2	34.6 ± 9.6
Minimum volume, ml/body surface area	22.5 ± 4.9	29.8 ± 11.7*	18.1 ± 5.0	15.5 ± 6.2
Cyclic volume change, ml/body surface area	34.9 ± 5.4	21.1 ± 6.5*	25.6 ± 6.0	19.2 ± 5.0*
Filling fraction, %	61.0 ± 4.2	42.3 ± 8.2*	58.4 ± 4.5	56.3 ± 8.8
Reservoir volume, ml/body surface area	23.0 ± 1.4	12.6 ± 4.3*	17.7 ± 3.7	12.4 ± 2.7*
Conduit volume, ml/body surface area	19.8 ± 3.2	28.1 ± 8.8*	28.5 ± 4.9	29.9 ± 7.8
Pump volume, ml/body surface area	13.7 ± 4.5	8.7 ± 2.7*	9.9 ± 3.4	7.2 ± 3.0
Reservoir function, %	41.0 ± 3.4	26.1 ± 9.2*	31.2 ± 5.4	25.5 ± 6.4*
Conduit function, %	35.2 ± 5.5	56.2 ± 12.6*	50.6 ± 9.6	60.0 ± 10.5
Pump function (atrial kick), %	23.9 ± 6.3	17.8 ± 6.0*	17.3 ± 4.4	14.8 ± 6.2
Emptying parameters
Atrial emptying in early diastole, ml/body surface area	20.1 ± 2.4	9.8 ± 4.7*	14.2 ± 4.1	6.1 ± 3.8
EPER, ml·s−1·body surface area−1	−265.1 ± 73.6	−115.1 ± 71.3*	−238.4 ± 101.8	−110.4 ± 75.0*
Early emptying fraction, %	58.6 ± 10.1	48.0 ± 19.9	58.2 ± 20.1	32.5 ± 18.4*
Atrial emptying in late diastole, ml/body surface area	11.03 ± 4.43	6.30 ± 3.15*	8.4 ± 3.4	5.5 ± 2.3
LPER, ml·s−1·body surface area−1	−233.3 ± 131.4	−102.8 ± 65.9*	−179.8 ± 73.5	−92.4 ± 61.1*
Late emptying fraction, %	31.0 ± 8.6	31.3 ± 13.1	32.1 ± 6.6	28.7 ± 12.0
Other parameters
Atrioventricular E-to-A ratio	2.00 ± 0.17	1.66 ± 0.51	1.90 ± 0.39	2.33 ± 0.70

Values are means ± SD. EPER, early peak emptying rate; LPER, late peak emptying rate; E-to-A ratio, ratio of the early ventricular filling wave to late atrial contraction filling wave.

^*Significant difference compared with data in control subjects (P < 0.05).