Table 1.
Past-year prevalence of illicit drug dependence, drug-use disorder, and drug use, by past-year frequency of drinking 5+/4+ drinks
| Frequency of drinking 5+/4+ drinks |
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| Variable | Casesan | Total | Never | lx-2x/yr. | 3x-6x/yr. | 7x-llx/yr. | 1 x/mo. | 2 x-3 x/mo. | lx/wk. | 2x/wk. | >2x/wk. | χ2P |
| U.S. adults 18 and older, cases,an | 42,923 | 33,684 | 1,633 | 1,395 | 708 | 989 | 1,115 | 1,076 | 912 | 1,411 | ||
| Drug dependence | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 248 | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.7) | 2.6 (0.7) | 5.1 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 132 | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.7 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.7 (0.5) | 2.2 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 49 | 0.1 (0.0) | <0.1 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | <0.1 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.3) | .001 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 88 | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.1) | 1.9 (0.4) | .004 |
| Drug-use disorder | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 775 | 2.0 (0.1) | 0.7 (0.1) | 2.6 (0.4) | 2.9 (0.5) | 5.1 (0.9) | 3.9 (0.6) | 6.9 (1.0) | 5.9 (0.1) | 9.9 (1.3) | 12.2 (1.1) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 558 | 1.5 (0.1) | 0.4 (0.0) | 2.2 (0.4) | 2.3 (0.5) | 4.0 (0.8) | 3.3 (0.6) | 5.2 (0.8) | 4.6 (0.9) | 7.6 (1.1) | 9.1 (0.9) | <.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 97 | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.5) | 3.0 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 234 | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.3) | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.7) | 4.4 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Drug use | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 2,457 | 6.2 (0.2) | 3.0 (0.1) | 9.4 (0.9) | 10.8 (1.1) | 12.5 (1.4) | 14.6 (1.4) | 18.3 (1.2) | 16.7 (1.4) | 25.5 (2.0) | 26.9(1.6) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 1,610 | 4.1 (0.2) | 1.5(0.1) | 7.4 (0.8) | 6.9 (0.8) | 9.1 (1.2) | 10.5(1.3) | 13.6(1.0) | 12.5(1.3) | 12.6(1.3) | 21.2(1.5) | <.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 217 | 0.6 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.1) | 1.0(0.4) | 1.4(0.4) | 1.7(0.4) | 1.8(0.5) | 3.4 (0.8) | 5.6 (0.8) | <.001 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 1,228 | 3.2 (0.1) | 1.8(0.1) | 3.5 (0.5) | 4.3 (0.7) | 5.9(1.1) | 6.8 (0.9) | 8.9(1.1) | 8.0(1.1) | 10.6(1.5) | 13.9(1.2) | <.001 |
| U.S. adults 18 and older with past-year ED utilization, cases, n | 8,511 | 6,599 | 351 | 246 | 147 | 194 | 207 | 234 | 198 | 335 | ||
| Drug dependence | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 107 | 1.6 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.0) | 2.0 (0.9) | 0.8 (0.7) | 1.4(1.1) | 2.4 (1.1) | 5.6 (2.4) | 4.6 (2.4) | 4.0 (1.8) | 11.0 (2.1) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 48 | 0.7 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.1) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.9 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) | 2.7 (1.4) | 4.0 (2.3) | 2.1 (0.9) | 4.1 (1.2) | .006 |
| Cocaine/crack | 19 | 0.4 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.6 (0.6) | 0.4 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.9) | 1.6 (1.6) | 3.6 (1.2) | .088 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 51 | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.4 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.6) | 0.1 (0.1) | 1.4 (1.0) | 1.4 (0.9) | 2.6 (2.0) | 1.5 (1.0) | 0.3 (0.3) | 4.4 (1.3) | .030 |
| Drug-use disorder | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 254 | 3.4 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.2) | 3.0 (1.0) | 1.9 (0.9) | 9.8 (3.0) | 4.8 (1.6) | 12.3 (3.0) | 8.2 (2.6) | 16.7 (3.6) | 19.3 (2.6) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 168 | 2.3 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.1) | 2.1 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.8) | 8.2 (3.0) | 3.1 (1.2) | 8.5 (2.3) | 7.3 (2.5) | 10.4 (2.6) | 13.1 (2.1) | <.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 35 | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.6 (0.5) | 0.6 (0.6) | 0.4 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.9) | 2.8 (1.8) | 5.9 (1.5) | .016 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 106 | 1.5 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.2) | 1.4 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.3) | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.2) | 4.1 (2.2) | 2.7 (1.2) | 4.4 (2.5) | 9.0 (2.0) | .001 |
| Drug use | ||||||||||||
| Any illicit drug | 680 | 8.9 (0.4) | 4.2 (0.3) | 12.9 (2.1) | 9.8 (2.4) | 19.6 (3.9) | 23.6 (3.7) | 23.6 (3.6) | 21.3 (3.4) | 32.0 (4.4) | 37.6 (3.6) | <.001 |
| Marijuana | 434 | 5.9 (0.4) | 2.1 (0.2) | 9.8 (1.8) | 5.7 (1.7) | 17.3 (3.7) | 14.5 (3.3) | 16.4 (2.9) | 16.0 (3.2) | 28.1 (4.7) | 27.8 (3.2) | <.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 68 | 1.1 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.1) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.9 (0.9) | 2.2 (1.2) | 1.6 (0.9) | 2.5 (1.3) | 4.0 (2.0) | 9.8 (2.0) | .001 |
| Any illicit rx drug | 377 | 5.1 (0.3) | 2.7 (0.3) | 6.8 (1.6) | 3.6 (1.7) | 8.8 (2.8) | 13.0 (3.3) | 12.7 (3.1) | 9.1 (2.2) | 15.1 (3.6) | 22.5 (3.0) | <.001 |
Notes: Figures in parentheses are standard errors of estimates; standard errors of 0.0 denote <.05. Yr. = year; mo. = month; wk. = week; rx = prescription; ED = emergency department.
a
Numbers of cases reflect missing data on frequency of drinking 5+/4+ drinks for 170 cases (0.4%) in the total sample and 14 cases (0.2%) in the ED subsample.