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. 2010 Aug 2;107(34):15264–15268. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1006393107

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Fig. 4. — Model of photoperiodic signal transduction pathway in birds. Light detected by Opsin 5-positive PVO neurons that contact the CSF is transmitted to the pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary gland and induces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expression in the PT. PT TSH induces expression of type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) in tanycytes lining the ventrolateral walls of the third ventricle (3V) (17). DIO2 converts prohormone T₄ to bioactive T₃ (6). Long-day–induced T₃ in the MBH causes morphologic changes in GnRH nerve terminals and glial processes and induces GnRH secretion.