Table 1. Healthcare Usage Patterns of Fee-for-Service Medicare Beneficiaries Aged 80 and Older Nationally and Stratified According to Hospital Referral Regions (HRRs) Grouped into Quintiles from Low to High Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Screening Rates^*.

Measures	Overall, Mean ± Standard Deviation	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5
HRRs, n	306	61	61	62	61	61
Beneficiaries aged ≥80 per HRR, n	5,060	3,353	5,302	4,739	5,362	6,551
Men aged ≥80 screened with PSA, %	17.2 ± 7.0	7.4	13.2	17.2	21.3	26.9
Cost for all beneficiaries aged ≥80, $
Total (Diagnosis Related Group+Relative Value Unit)	5,945 ± 883	5,413	5,619	5,910	6,153	6,632
Part B
Evaluation and management	1,016 ± 228	893	935	978	1,051	1,225
Imaging	239 ± 73	192	214	225	249	316
Tests	148 ± 49	106	127	137	163	207
Major procedures	47 ± 9	49	48	45	47	45
Durable medical equipment	133 ± 44	110	122	128	139	170
Care in last 6 months of life for all decedents aged ≥80
Any mechanical ventilation, %†	5.9 ± 2.3	5.5	5.2	5.4	6.0	7.1
Percutaneous feeding tube placement, %†	5.2 ± 2.2	4.2	4.5	5.1	5.1	6.2
Intensive care unit days, n	2.2 ± 1.1	1.6	2.0	2.2	2.4	3.0
Place of death in hospital, %	26.0 ± 6.5	22.4	24.9	27.3	26.9	28.3
Physician visits by all beneficiaries aged ≥80
Seen by 10 or more unique physicians, %	21.1 ± 5.4	19.0	19.7	20.4	21.7	24.5
Proportion of physician visits to primary care physicians	0.57 ± 0.06	.60	.57	.58	.56	.53
Predominant physician type for ambulatory visits is  primary care, %	83.2 ± 6.5	86.5	83.7	84.4	83.2	78.4

^*All rates are age, race, and when appropriate sex adjusted. All P-values for difference across groups <.001 with the exception of Part B Major Procedures, for which P = .04.

^†Results for percentage mechanical ventilation restricted to 210 HRRs with adequate event rate for reporting and 188 HRRs for feeding tube rates.