Table 1.

Prospective randomized trials in patients with CUP

Study [reference]	Patients, n	Chemotherapy regimen	Response rate, %	Median PFS, months	Median OS, months
Palmeri et al., 2006 [53]	66	cisplatin + gemcitabine + paclitaxel vs. cisplatin + gemcitabine + vinorelbine	48.5 vs. 42.3	NA	9.6 vs. 13.6
Huebner et al., 2005 [60]	92	carboplatin + paclitaxel vs. gemcitabine + vinorebine	23.8 vs. 20.0	7.0 vs. 3.2	11.0 vs. 6.1
Culine et al., 2003 [54]	80	cisplatin + gemcitabine vs. cisplatin + irinotecan	55 vs. 38	5 vs. 4	8 vs. 6
Assersohn et al., 2003 [55]	88	5-FU vs. 5-FU + mitomycin-C	11.6 vs. 20 (NS)	4.1 vs. 3.6 (NS)	6.6 vs. 4.7 (NS)
Dowell et al., 2001 [56]	34	carboplatin + etoposid vs. paclitaxel + 5-FU + folic acid	19 vs. 19 (NS)	NA	6.5 vs. 8.4 (NS)
Falkson et al., 1998 [57]	84	cisplatin + epirubicin + mitomycin-C vs. mitomycin-C	50 vs. 17	4.5 vs. 2.0 (p = 0.05)	9.4 vs. 5.4 (p = 0.05)
Eagan et al., 1987 [2]	55	cisplatin + doxorubicin + mitomycin-C vs. doxorubicin + mitomycin-C	27 vs. 14 (NS)	NA	4.6 vs. 5.5 (NS)
Milliken et al., 1987 [58]	101	cisplatin + vinblastin + bleomycin vs. doxorubicin + mitomycin-C	32 vs. 42	NA	6.2 vs. 4.5 (NS)
Woods et al., 1980 [59]	47	cyclophosphamide + methotrexate + 5-FU vs. doxorubicin + mitomycin-C	5 vs. 36 (p < 0.01)	NA	1.7 vs. 4.5 (NS)

CUP = Carcinoma of unknown primary; 5-FU = 5-flurouracil; NA = not available; NS = not statistically significant; PFS = progression-free survival; OS = overall survival.