Table 2.
Comparisons of Shared Disclosure, Private Disclosure, and Combined Controls
| Measure | Shared (S) (n = 36) | Private (P) (n = 32) | Controls (C) (n = 71) | Pairwise Contrasts | partial η2 | Cohen's d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intrusion | Baseline M (SD) | 16.84 (3.43) | 17.50 (3.84) | 15.61 (5.41) | S = P | .014 | -.265 |
| Follow-up M (SD) | 11.25 (5.94) | 10.38 (6.44) | 11.97 (5.89) | S < C† | .027 | .390 | |
| Adjusted M (SE) | 10.88 (0.83) | 9.56 (0.89) | 12.63 (0.60) | P < C | .079 | .663 | |
| Avoidance | Baseline M (SD) | 13.70 (3.62) | 13.15 (3.38) | 13.25 (4.55) | S = P | .005 | .189 |
| Follow-up M (SD) | 9.69 (5.24) | 10.16 (4.89) | 12.15 (4.86) | S < C | .073 | .557 | |
| Adjusted M (SE) | 9.52 (0.77) | 10.26 (0.81) | 12.20 (0.55) | P < C | .042 | .383 | |
| Depression | Baseline M (SD) | 1.13 (0.96) | 1.34 (1.22) | 1.01 (0.86) | S < P | .104 | .416 |
| Follow-up M (SD) | 0.48 (0.53) | 1.04 (1.15) | 0.98 (1.04) | S < C | .147 | .854 | |
| Adjusted M (SE) | 0.47 (0.12) | 0.88 (0.13) | 1.05 (0.08) | P = C | .015 | .329 | |
| Interpersonal sensitivity | Baseline M (SD) | 1.29 (1.07) | 1.52 (0.89) | 1.21 (1.01) | S < P† | .050 | .242 |
| Follow-up M (SD) | 0.72 (0.75) | 1.13 (0.96) | 1.13 (1.06) | S < C | .087 | .613 | |
| Adjusted M (SE) | 0.72 (0.12) | 0.92 (0.13) | 1.19 (0.08) | P = C | .020 | .418 | |
| Physical symptoms | Baseline M (SD) | 25.07 (16.81) | 27.03 (16.24) | 24.76 (16.42) | S = P | .040 | .356 |
| Follow-up M (SD) | 21.72 (17.36) | 29.78 (22.85) | 27.10 (17.44) | S < C | .040 | .399 | |
| Adjusted M (SE) | 21.97 (0.24) | 28.57 (2.59) | 27.52 (1.74) | P = C | .001 | -.026 |
Note: S = shared disclosure; p = private disclosure; C = combined controls (time management and no-writing control groups combined). Baseline and follow-up mean and standard deviations are original (raw) data. Adjusted means and standard errors are follow-up values adjusted for baseline values and time until follow-up for the 3-group comparison. The Contrasts column shows the results of the three post-hoc pair-wise comparisons among the 3 groups for each measure; the contrasts are not aligned with a given row but are presented together for each measure
indicates marginally significant (p < .10) contrasts; otherwise differences are significant at p < .05. Effect sizes are next to each of the contrasts. Positive values of d indicate that the first group listed in the contrast had a better outcome than the second group in the contrast, whereas negative values of d indicate the opposite.