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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Heart Rhythm. 2010 Feb 13;7(9):1309–1315. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.02.017

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Potential therapeutic intervention points in the trafficking of membrane proteins. Each arrow represents a regulatory step in the trafficking of membrane proteins that could serve as a potential therapeutic target for modulating steady-state cells surface levels of ion channels. The left half of this figure represents an area where much work has been done in the hERG field for the treatment of LQTS and other arrhythmias. The right half represents and exciting developing field for the regulation of Kv1.5 membrane levels in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER); Recycling Endosome (RE); Late Endosome (LE).