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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscience. 2010 Jul 13;170(2):633–644. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.011

Figure 3. Aged rats have enhanced expression of prioinflammatory cytokines/chemokines following MCAO.

Figure 3

(A) Changes in IL-6 mRNA expression were measured using real-time PCR at 6, 24, and 72 h following MCAO and (B-E) changes in other proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine cytokine mRNA were measured at 12 h following MCAO. Results were calculated from ΔΔCT and signify fold change in mRNA expression normalized to age-matched naïve rats. Bars represent mean ± S.E. (n=4 rats/group). No difference (p>0.05) in expression of cytokine/chemokine mRNA were observed among sham rats of either age at the three time points; thus only sham rats at 24 h were displayed (A). Statistical significance was determined using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc analysis. *, **, *** denote statistical significance (p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively) as compared to age-matched sham. # ### denote statistical significance (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) as compared to young adult ipsilateral hemisphere at same time point. $ denotes statistical significance (p<0.05) as compared to young adult contralateral hemisphere at same time point.