TABLE 1.
Studies Comparing CW and PW
| Refs. | Subject | Condition | λ (nm) | f (Hz) | Other reported parameters | Results? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kymplova et al. [24] | Humans | Wound healing | 670 | 10, 25, and 50 | Power: 20 mW; energy density: 2 J/cm2 | PW > CW |
| Brondon et al. [36] | In vitro (human HEP-2 cells) |
Increasing the penetration depth of light through melanin filters |
670 | 6, 18, 36, 100, and 600 |
Power: 10 mW; energy density: 5 J/cm2 | PW > CW |
| Lapchak et al. [26] | Rabbits | Ischemic stroke | 808 | 100 and 1,000 | Power density: 7.5 mW/cm2; ON time: 0.3 milliseconds (1,000 Hz), 2 milliseconds (100 Hz); average energy delivered to the brain: 0.9–1.2 J; duty cycle: 30% and 20% |
PW > CW |
| Lapchak and De Taboada [27] |
Rabbits | Ischemic stroke | 808 | 100 | Cortical irradiance: 7.5 mW/cm2 (CW), 37.5 mW/cm2 (PW); cortical fluence: 0.9 J/cm2 (CW), 4.5 J/cm2 (PW) |
PW > CW |
| Gigo-Benato et al. [23] | Rats | Nerve regeneration | 808 (CW), 905 (PW), 808 + 905 (CW + PW) |
10,000 | Power: 416 mW (CW), 28 W (PW); energy density: 29 J/cm2 (CW), 40 J/cm2 (PW); pulse duration: 454 seconds (CW), 200 nanoseconds (PW) |
Combined (CW + PW) > CW > PW |
| Braverman et al. [61] |
Rabbits | Wound healing | 632.8 (CW), 904 (PW) |
4,672 | Power: 10 mW (CW), 50 mW (PW); energy density: 1.65 J/cm2 (CW), 8.25 J/cm2 (PW); pulse duration: 200 nanoseconds |
CW = PW |
| Al-Watban and Zhang [28] |
Rats | Wound healing | 635 | 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 |
Power density: 0.89 mW/cm2; energy density: 1.0 J/cm2 |
CW > PW |
| Ueda and Shimizu [37] |
In vitro (osteoblast-like cells from fetal rat calvariae) |
Bone stimulation | 830 | 1, 2, and 8 | N/A | PW > CW |
| Sushko et al. [25] | Mice | Pain | 610–670, 850–910 |
10, 600, and 8,000 | N/A | PW > CW |