. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Lasers Surg Med. 2010 Aug;42(6):450–466. doi: 10.1002/lsm.20950

TABLE 7.

Studies Involving Pain Attenuation

Refs.	Subject	CW	PW	λ (nm)	f (Hz)	Other reported parameters	Results
Ponnudurai et al. [34]	Rats		X	632.8	4, 60, and 200	N/A	PW > untreated controls; 4 Hz acted most rapidly but transiently; 60 Hz had delayed but longer lasting effect; 200 Hz had no effect
Mokhtar et al.[69]	Humans		X	660–950	16 and 73	Power: 532 mW; pulse duration: 50 milliseconds with 12.5 milliseconds period between pulses; energy: 383 J; duty cycle: 80%	PW > untreated controls
Miriutova et al.[70]	Humans		X	850–910		N/A	PW > untreated controls
Craig et al.[42]	Humans		X	660–950	2.5, 5, and 20	Total average radiant exposure: 31.7 J/cm²	PW made no statistically significant effect as compared to untreated controls
Sushko et al.[25]	Mice	X	X	610–670, 850–910	10, 600, and 8,000	N/A	PW > CW; 10 and 8,000 Hz most effective
de Bie et al.[43]	Humans		X	904	500 and 5,000	Power: 25 W; energy density: 0.5 and 5 J/cm²; pulse duration: 200 nanoseconds	PW made no statistically significant effect as compared to untreated controls
Ceccherelli et al.[30]	Humans		X	N/A	N/A	N/A	PW > untreated controls
Branco and Naeser [62]	Humans	X	X	670 (CW), 904 (PW)	73, 584, 3,500	N/A	Combined regimen (CW, pulsed, and TENS) improved outcome as compared to untreated controls (CW and PW not administered individually in this study)
Naeser et al. [29]	Humans	X	X	632.8 (CW), 904 (PW)	73, 584, 3,500	Power: 15 mW (CW), 9.4 W (PW)	Combined regimen (CW, PW, and TENS) improved outcome as compared to untreated controls (CW and PW were not administered individually in this study)