The percentage of total PVN neurons double labeled for oxytocin and Fos that were classified as small (more than 1 SD below the mean cell size in undisturbed controls), average (within 1 SD of the mean), or large (more than 1 SD above the mean) in undisturbed pups, handled pups, and pups stroked for 60 seconds. Stroking significantly increased the percentage of double-labeled small cells. * denotes significantly different from undisturbed pups, p < 0.05; + denotes significantly different from handled pups, p < 0.05.