TABLE 5.
Univariate analysis of the association of clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic characteristics with 30-day mortality
| Characteristica | Patient outcome |
OR (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Died (n = 467) | Survived (n = 4,396) | |||
| Age >65 yr | 287 (62) | 2,484 (57) | 1.2 (1-1.5) | 0.04 |
| Male gender | 267 (57) | 2,197 (50) | 1.3 (1.1-1.6) | 0.003 |
| Place of acquisition | ||||
| Community | 206 (44) | 2,767 (63) | 1 | |
| Nosocomial | 206 (44) | 1,152 (26) | 2.4 (1.9-3) | |
| Health care related | 55 (12) | 477 (11) | 1.6 (1.1-2) | <0.0001 |
| Ultimately fatal underlying disease | 328 (70) | 1,663 (39) | 4 (3-5) | <0.0001 |
| Hematological cancer | 77 (17) | 532 (12) | 1.4 (1.1-2) | 0.006 |
| Solid-organ cancer | 129 (28) | 863 (20) | 1.6 (1.3-2) | <0.0001 |
| BMT | 15 (3) | 88 (2) | 1.6 (0.9-3) | 0.08 |
| Solid-organ transplant | 25 (5) | 287 (7) | 0.8 (0.5-1.3) | 0.3 |
| Neutropenia | 67 (14) | 307 (7) | 2 (1.7-3) | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 48 (10) | 498 (11) | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) | 0.5 |
| COPD | 46 (10) | 312 (7) | 1.4 (1-2) | 0.03 |
| Renal insufficiency | 43 (9) | 281 (6) | 1.5 (1-2) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 82 (18) | 834 (19) | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) | 0.5 |
| Cirrhosis | 106 (23) | 384 (9) | 3 (2.4-4) | <0.0001 |
| HIV infection | 19 (4) | 150 (3) | 1.2 (0.7-2) | 0.5 |
| Prior corticosteroids | 127 (27) | 743 (17) | 1.8 (1.5-2) | <0.0001 |
| Prior antibiotics | 221 (47) | 1,586 (36) | 1.6 (1.3-1.9) | <0.0001 |
| Prior surgery | 50 (11) | 489 (11) | 1 (0.7-1.3) | 0.8 |
| Bladder catheter | 135 (29) | 720 (16) | 2 (1.9-2.5) | <0.0001 |
| Shock on presentation | 250 (54) | 444 (10) | 10 (8-13) | <0.0001 |
| Source of infection | ||||
| Unknown | 109 (23) | 761 (17) | 1 | |
| Urinary tract | 86 (18) | 2,149 (49) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | |
| i.v. catheter | 32 (7) | 387 (9) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | |
| Pneumonia | 89 (19) | 160 (4) | 3.9 (2.8-5.4) | |
| Intraabdominal | 75 (16) | 201 (5) | 2.6 (1.9-3.6) | |
| Biliary tract | 36 (8) | 515 (12) | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | |
| Skin/soft tissues | 26 (6) | 106 (2) | 1.7 (1.1-2.8) | |
| Other | 14 (3) | 117 (3) | 0.8 (0.5-1.5) | <0.0001 |
| Etiologic microorganism | ||||
| Non-ESBL E. coli | 199 (43) | 2,538 (58) | 1 | |
| ESBL E. coli | 17 (4) | 133 (3) | 1.6 (1-2.8) | |
| Non-ESBL K. pneumoniae | 47 (10) | 436 (10) | 1.4 (1-1.9) | |
| ESBL K. pneumoniae | 22 (5) | 61 (1) | 4.6 (2.8-7.7) | |
| P. mirabilis | 10 (2) | 118 (3) | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | |
| Salmonella spp. | 11 (2) | 133 (3) | 1.2 (0.7-2.3) | |
| AmpC Enterobacteriaceae | 46 (10) | 362 (8) | 1.6 (1.2-2.3) | |
| P. aeruginosa | 79 (17) | 383 (9) | 2.6 (2-3.5) | |
| Other nonfermenters | 26 (6) | 130 (3) | 2.6 (1.6-4) | |
| Miscellaneous | 10 (2) | 122 (3) | 1.1 (0.5-2) | <0.0001 |
| Combination therapy | 101 (22) | 577 (13) | 1.8 (1.4-2.3) | <0.0001 |
| Inappropriate empirical therapy | 79 (17) | 375 (9) | 2.2 (1.7-2.9) | <0.0001 |
a
BMT, bone marrow transplantation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.