TABLE 1.
Characteristics of children with nose swabs taken at baseline
| Baseline characteristic | No. of children (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo treated (n = 89) | CoT treated (n = 92) | Total (n = 181) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 39 (44) | 49 (53) | 88 (49) |
| Male | 50 (56) | 43 (47) | 93 (51) |
| Age (yr) at baseline specimen | |||
| <3 | 22 (25) | 30 (33) | 52 (29) |
| ≥3 | 67 (75) | 62 (67) | 129 (71) |
| Any antibiotics taken in last 2 wks | 20 (22) | 16 (17) | 36 (20) |
| S. pneumoniae positive | 49 (55) | 44 (48) | 93 (51) |
| H. influenzae positive | 27 (30) | 26 (28) | 53 (29) |
| Carriage of both | 20 (22) | 17 (18) | 37 (20) |
| Period (mo) that specimen was taken | |||
| Dec-Feb | 7 (8) | 11 (12) | 18 (10) |
| Mar-May | 19 (21) | 24 (26) | 43 (24) |
| Jun-Aug | 25 (28) | 21 (23) | 46 (25) |
| Sep-Nov | 38 (43) | 36 (39) | 74 (41) |
| S. pneumoniae resistance | |||
| Cotrimoxazole | 26/43 (60) | 22/38 (58) | 48/81 (59) |
| Penicillina | 14/48 (29) | 10/42 (24) | 24/90 (27) |
| Tetracycline | 4/49 (8) | 6/44 (14) | 10/93 (11) |
| Chloramphenicol | 4/49 (8) | 1/43 (2) | 5/92 (5) |
| Erythromycin | 0/49 (0) | 1/43 (2) | 1/92 (1) |
| H. influenzae resistance | |||
| Cotrimoxazole | 12/19 (63) | 11/22 (50) | 23/41 (56) |
| Ampicillin | 5/27 (19) | 6/25 (24) | 11/52 (21) |
| Tetracycline | 3/26 (12) | 6/25 (24) | 9/51 (18) |
| Chloramphenicol | 2/27 (7) | 4/26 (15) | 6/53 (11) |
| CD4%b | |||
| 0-4 | 18 (20) | 10 (11) | 28 (15) |
| 5-9 | 15 (17) | 22 (24) | 37 (20) |
| 10-14 | 18 (20) | 17 (18) | 35 (19) |
| 15-19 | 11 (12) | 11 (12) | 22 (15) |
| ≥20 | 9 (10) | 11 (12) | 20 (11) |
| Missing | 18 (20) | 21 (23) | 39 (22) |
a
Oxacillin was used to test for penicillin resistance.
b
CD4% is expressed as a percentage of the total lymphocyte count measured within 1 week before or after the date of the specimen.