Africa |
continent-wide estimate (insects only) |
600 |
DeFoliart (1992) |
Africa |
sub-Saharan Africa (insects only) |
250 |
van Huis (2003) |
Africa |
Central and West Africa (plants only) |
1500 |
Chege (1994) |
Botswana |
Tyua grow crops and use wild plants, animals, birds, fish and insects |
171 |
Hitchcock (1999) |
Congo |
Mbuti Pygmies of forest: cultivators of cassava and plantain plus users of 230 animal and 100 plant species |
330 |
Ishikawa (1999) |
Ethiopia |
subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, semi-arid to humid |
44 |
Fentahun & Hager (2009) |
Ethiopia |
country-wide estimate |
203 |
Asfaw & Tadesse (2001) |
Ethiopia |
country-wide estimate |
300 |
Asfaw (2009) |
Ethiopia |
agricultural, arid, open woodland (50% of plants in region edible) |
25 |
Becker (1983) |
Ethiopia |
humid to semi-arid; forest to savannah, three ethnic groups in south Ethiopia |
66 |
Balemie & Kebebew (2006) |
Kenya |
country-wide estimate for agricultural communities (plants only) |
800 |
Maundu (1996) |
Kenya |
Turkana agro-pastoralists and rural fishing communities, arid and semi-arid |
14 |
Levine & Crosskey (2006) |
Madagascar |
forest-dwelling, swidden cultivation in tropical forest |
150 |
Styger et al. (1999) |
Namibia |
agriculture and livestock; tropical wetland, swamp and woodland in Caprivi |
21 |
Mulonga (2003) |
Nigeria |
agricultural, savanna, semi-arid |
121 |
Harris & Mohammed (2003) |
Tanzania |
agricultural, tropical forest, East Usambara mountains |
28 |
Kessey (1998) |
Tanzania |
agricultural, tropical forest, East Usambara mountains |
46 |
Hårkönen & Vainio-Mattila (1998) |
Tanzania |
Batemi agropastoralists, semi-arid (with 35 wild species cultivated) |
44 |
Johns et al. (1996) |
Uganda |
agricultural households in southwest Uganda (some wild species cultivated and gathered from the wild) |
94 |
Musinguzi et al. (2006) |
Zambia |
country-wide estimate |
15–25 |
Pegler & Piearce (1980) |