Table 6.
Direct use values of wild foods valued either as contributions to household consumption or income from sale (selected African countries; 1999–2009). Note: GDP per capita (2009) figures in US$ (IMF 2009): DR Congo $171; Ghana $639; Namibia $4341; South Africa $5635; Tanzania $547; Zambia $1027.
| country | consumption value within household | sale value (in US$) | reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| DR Congo | bushmeat 10%, fish 16%, wild plants 6% | n.a. | de Merode et al. (2003) |
| DR Congo | 3–10% of total value of food consumed in the household | 25% of all household sales | de Merode et al. (2003) |
| Ghana, country-wide estimate | n.a. | 305 000 tonnes wild meat sold annually (value US$275 million) | IIED & Traffic (2002) |
| Namibia | 21% respondents reported bushmeat cheaper than raised meat | wild plants value not recorded; fish: N$350 wk−1 | Mulonga (2003) |
| South Africa | wild foods comprise 31% of all plants on residential plots, and 72% of the value of all plant products consumed | 28% of all plant products sold: US$269 household−1yr−1, of which wild foods worth US$83 | High & Shackleton (2000) |
| South Africa | R2819—R7238 household−1yr−1 (wild foods are a part) | US$367–941 household−1yr−1 | Shackleton et al. (2002) |
| South Africa | $167 household−1yr−1 | US$167 household−1yr−1 | Dovie et al. (2006) |
| Tanzania | n.a. | 58% of cash income from sale of NTFPs and wild foods | Makonda & Gillah (2007) |
| Tanzania | US$378 household−1yr−1: $265 plant-medicines; $15 wild vegetables; $27 wild fruit; $21 leaves and stems; $20 wild animals; $10 insects; $18–126 wild honey | Kasthala et al. (2008) | |
| Zambia | n.a. | US$2.15 kg−1 in rural areas (three to four times more in urban areas) | Jumbe et al. (2008) |
| Zambia | n.a. | US$4 gallon−1; during season collectors can earn up to a month's salary for a general worker | Mbata et al. (2002) |