Table 1.

Main simulation models used in the scenario studies.

model (affiliation)	type	scenario study	main endogenous variables	main exogenous drivers	spatial scale	sectoral scale	documentation
IMAGE 2.2 (RIVM)	integrated assessment	MA	energy use, land use, GHG emissions, climate	population, GDP	17 regions, biophysical: 0.5o*0.5o grid	12 agric. commodities	IMAGE (2001)
AIM (NIES/Kyoto University)	integrated assessment	MA	land cover, emissions, water use (Asia Pacific)	population, productivity	15 regions, Water: 2.5o*2.5o grid	15 production sectors (4 agric. sectors)	Kainuma et al. (2002)
IMPACT (IFPRI)	multi-market partial equilibrium	MA	agricultural production, demand, prices and trade, child malnutrition	population, GDP, agric. productivity	43 regions	32 agric. commodities	www.ifpri.org
WaterGAP (University of Kassel)	hydrology	MA	water use, water stress	population, GDP, climate, land cover	150 regions water: 0.5o*0.5o grid	n.a.	Alcamo et al. (2003)
ECOPATH/ECOSIM (University of British Columbia)	biophysical	MA	marine ecosystem, biomass	marine species mortality, fishery catch	flexible	n.a.	Christensen & Walters (2004)
FAO World Food Model (FAO)	multi-market partial equilibrium	FAO2050	agricultural production, demand, prices and trade	population, GDP, agric. productivity	115 regions	14 agric. commodities	www.fao.org
WATERSIM (IWMI/IFPRI)	linked multi-market partial equilibrium and hydrology	CAWMA	agricultural production, demand, prices and trade, water use	population, GDP, agric. productivity,	282 sub-basins	32 food commodities	de Fraiture et al. (2007)
BLS (IIASA)	computable general equilibrium	Parry et al. (2004)	agricultural production, demand, prices and trade, GDP	population, productivity, climate	34 regions	10 production sectors (9 agric sectors)	Fisher et al. (1988)
Agrobiom (INRA/CIRAD)	biomass	Agrimonde	calorie balances	population, agric. productivity, land use	149 regions	5 biomass categories	Chaumet et al. (2009) (outline only)