FIG. 1.

Retinal mitochondrial oxidative stress is increased in diabetes. Freshly isolated retinal mitochondria were used to measure (a) superoxide levels by lucigenin method, (b) GSH levels by a colorimetric method, and (c) 8-OHdG by an ELISA. Results are mean ± SD of the measurements made in duplicate in 5–8 rats in each group. Normal, age-matched normal control; PC, poor glycemic control; PC-GC, 6 months poor glycemic control followed by 6 months good glycemic control; GC, good glycemic control for the entire 12 months. *p< 0.05 compared to normal.