(a) HeLa cells were co-transfected with C or C-IU dsRNAs, ±Fluc mRNA. RT/qPCR was used to quantify expression of β-actin or ISGs (IRF9, OAS1, IFITM1; Supplementary Table 1) after 12h. Fold-change in mRNA was relative to that at 6h with C, and normalized to GapDH (n=4; P values = 0.001 (*) or <5×10−4 (**)). (b) HeLa cells were transfected with 0–500 ng Fluc mRNA. RT/qPCR was used to quantify expression of β-actin or ISGs (IRF9, OAS1, IRF7, IFITM1; Supplementary Table 1) (n=4). Fold-change in mRNA was relative to that without mRNA, and normalized to GapDH. (c) HeLa cells were co-transfected with Fluc mRNA and either control dsRNAs (C, GP, or 142) or IU-dsRNAs (C-IU, IIUI, or 142-IU), respectively. RT/qPCR was used to quantify expression of β-actin or ISGs (IFITM1, OAS1, IRF9;
Supplementary Table 1) after 12h (n=4). Fold-change in mRNA levels were calculated relative to those at 6h with GP, and normalized to GapDH. P values were <5×10−3 (*) or <1×10−3 (**). All error bars are mean ± s.d.