Foraging areas (density of feeding dives) of African penguins S. demersus breeding on St Croix Island and Bird Island (stars), in South Africa, (a) before (2008) and (b) after (2009) closure to purse-seine fishing within 20 km of St Croix Island and an adjacent area surrounding an offshore bank (circled). Foraging range: black, 50%; dark grey, 50–75%; and light grey, 75–90%.