Table 1.

Laboratory data before, during and after treatment of DKA

Blood chemistry	Time (h) after admission
	0	10	24	44
Glucose (mg/dl)	1392	549	214	114
PH	7.07	7.39	7.33	7.35
HCO3 (mmol/l)	9.2	22.5	20.3	21.7
Base excess (mmol/l)	-19.7	-2.8	-4.9	-3.1
Na+ (mmol/l)	143	162	154	158
K+ (mmol/l)	5.8	4.9	5.6	3.5
Osmolality (mosmol/kg)	444	380	n.a*	342
Creatinine (mg/dl)	3.75	1.86	1.66	1.24
Haematocrit (%)	54	45	44	40
Lactate (mmol/l)	3.2	1.5	1.3	1.1
GH (ng/ml)	7.5	n.a*	2.0	< 0.16
IGF-1 (ng/ml)	< 10	n.a*	23	< 10
*not analysed

Reference values for a 10 year old male child

Fasting blood glucose: 60-110 mg/dl;

arterial pH 7.4;

arterial HCO3 31 mmol/l;

arterial base excess +5 mmol/l;

arterial serum lactate 1.0-1.6 mmol/l;

venous serum natrium 130-145 mmol/l;

venous serum potassium 3.2-5.4 mmol/l;

venous serum osmolality 280-296 mosmol/kg;

venous serum creatinine < 0.9 mg/dl;

venous blood haematocrit 34-46%;

venous serum random GH < 4 ng/ml;

venous serum IGF-1: 159-300 ng/ml.