Table 4.
Distribution and HRs with 95% CIs for bladder cancer risk within quintiles of meat mutagens.
| Characteristic | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | P-trenda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DiMeIQx | ||||||
| Cases | 304 | 39 | 156 | 160 | 195 | |
| Median (ng/1000 kcal) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.7 | |
| HR* (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.80–1.57) | 0.92 (0.76–1.12) | 0.89 (0.73–1.07) | 1.08 (0.90–1.30) | 0.31 |
| MeIQx | ||||||
| Cases | 169 | 169 | 145 | 179 | 192 | |
| Median (ng/1000 kcal) | 0.5 | 2.4 | 5.3 | 10.3 | 24.4 | |
| HR* (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) | 0.76 (0.61–0.95) | 0.91 (0.73–1.12) | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) | 0.95 |
| PhIP | ||||||
| Cases | 137 | 173 | 163 | 183 | 198 | |
| Median (ng/1000 kcal) | 2.1 | 10.9 | 24.7 | 49.4 | 123.6 | |
| HR* (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) | 0.94 (0.75–1.19) | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) | 1.19 (0.95–1.48) | 0.06 |
| B[a]P | ||||||
| Cases | 174 | 182 | 145 | 163 | 190 | |
| Median (ng/1000 kcal) | 0.2 | 1.5 | 6.2 | 16.8 | 44.0 | |
| HR* (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.81–1.23) | 0.83 (0.66–1.03) | 0.86 (0.69–1.07) | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) | 0.84 |
| Mutagenic Activity | ||||||
| Cases | 138 | 186 | 159 | 188 | 183 | |
| Median (revertant colonies/1000 kcal) | 165 | 601 | 1152 | 2042 | 4349 | |
| HR* (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.14 (0.92–1.43) | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 1.10 (0.88–1.38) | 1.09 (0.87–1.37) | 0.55 |
*
Adjusted for age (continuous, years), gender, smoking (never, quit ≥ 10 years ago, quit 5–9 years ago, quit 1–4 years ago, quit <1 year ago or ≤ 20 cigarettes/day, 20–40 cigarettes/day, >40 cigarettes/day), and intakes of fruit (continuous, cup equivalents/1,000 kcal), vegetables (continuous, cup equivalents/1,000 kcal), beverages (continuous, mL/day; sum of beer, coffee, juice, liquor, milk, soda, tea and wine), and total energy (continuous, kcal).
a
P P-trend based on quintile medians.