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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 10.
Published in final edited form as: Methods Cell Biol. 2010;98:97–119. doi: 10.1016/S0091-679X(10)98005-9

Figure 3. Altered membrane permeablization allows visualization of INM versus ONM proteins.

Figure 3

Digitonin permeabilizes the plasma membrane but not the nuclear membrane whereas Triton X-100 permeabilizes all membranes. During immunocytochemistry this allows for altered antibody accessibility to different regions of the nucleus. INM proteins cannot be detected with digitonin permeabilization (A and A′), but can be detected with Triton X-100 treatment (B and B′). ONM protein can be detected both with digitonin (C and C′) and Triton X-100 (D and D′) treatment. This has been shown functionally with the nucleoskeleton protein lamin A/C which is inside the nucleus, and the ONM protein Nesprin 4 (A′ through D′ adapted from (Roux et al. 2009)).