Table 1.

Annexin V staining showed that cucurbitacin R produced apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner

	Viable cells %	Apoptotic cells %	Apoptotic-necrotic cells %	Necrotic cells %
Blank	95 ± 3	0 ± 2	0 ± 3	4 ± 1
LPS	94 ± 5	5 ± 4	0 ± 1	1 ± 1
LPS + cucurbitacin R 100 µM	40 ± 10	0 ± 12	51 ± 1	9 ± 3
LPS + cucurbitacin R 50 µM	56 ± 8	41 ± 4	3 ± 2	3 ± 2
LPS + cucurbitacin R 25 µM	69 ± 3	28 ± 3	1 ± 1	3 ± 2
LPS + cucurbitacin R 12.5 µM	79 ± 10	19 ± 3	3 ± 2	1 ± 2

Cells were treated for 24 h with cucurbitacin R (12.5–100 µM) after LPS stimulation. Cells were collected and processed as described in Methods. Data are an average of three independent experiments.

LPS, lipopolysaccharide.