Figure 1.

(a) Variation of the real part of the Clausius–Mossotti factor (Re{K}) as a function of the applied electric field frequency. (b) Schematic representations of positive and negative DEP particle motion under the electric field induced by 2D interdigitated electrodes. (c) Variation of electrothermal factor (M) as a function of the electric field frequency. (d) Schematic representation of ETF at two different frequencies. Data are obtained for a 1 μm solid polystyrene spherical particle immersed in an aqueous medium of variable conductivity. The properties of polystyrene particles and medium are ε_p=2.55, σ_p=0.01 S∕m, and ε_m=78.5.