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. 2001 Feb 13;98(4):1999–2004. doi: 10.1073/pnas.98.4.1999

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Kinetics and solute-specificity of hyperosmotic induction of DNA dsb in mIMCD3 cells. (A) Cells were exposed to hyperosmolality of 800 mosmol/kg for 15 min and 1 h. Hyperosmolality was because of addition of various solutes to regular growth medium. All solutes except urea increase DNA dsb rapidly (within 15 min). (B) DNA dsb after exposure of mIMCD3 cells to 600 mosmol/kg HNa are elevated for at least 18 h. Inhibition of DNA-activated protein kinases by LY294002 during exposure of cells to 600 mosmol/kg HNa leads to a significantly larger increase in DNA dsb (P < 0.05), indicating that these kinases are important for preventing DNA dsb from occurring or for their repair. Data are means ± SEM (n = 3).