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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Ren Nutr. 2010 May 26;21(2):140–148. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.03.001

Table 2.

Estimated frequency of consumption * of selected food-group items according to quartiles of poverty to income ratio (PIR). Results are expressed as means ± standard error.

PIR < 100% PIR 100-200% PIR 201-300% PIR > 300% P
N 3259 3964 2692 4346

Dairy products** 46 ± 1.7 47 ± 1.2 50 ± 1.1 49 ± 0.8 0.04
Meat 25 ± 0.9 25 ± 0.8 25 ± 0.8 21 ± 0.4 <0.001
Seafood 5 ± 0.2 5 ± 0.2 6 ± 0.3 7 ± 0.2 <0.001
Poultry (chicken/turkey) 9 ± 0.3 9 ± 0.3 9 ± 0.3 9 ± 0.2 0.2
Eggs 9 ± 0.4 7 ± 0.3 7 ± 0.2 5 ± 0.1 <0.001
Fruit§ 25 ± 0.9 26 ± 0.7 27 ± 0.8 29 ± 0.8 0.001
Vegetables 68 ± 1.6 71 ± 1.6 71 ± 1.8 77 ± 1.1 <0.001
Cereals 57 ± 1.4 55 ± 1.1 52 ± 0.9 48 ± 0.6 <0.001
Beans, peanuts 13 ± 0.4 12 ± 0.4 11 ± 0.4 10 ± 0.2 <0.001
Beverages
 Coffee (regular) 29 ± 2.2 33 ± 1.7 36 ± 1.9 40 ± 1.4 <0.001
 Diet cola 7 ± 0.7 8 ± 0.7 13 ± 1.0 15 ± 0.6 <0.001
 Regular cola 18 ± 1.2 18 ± 1 16 ± 0.9 12 ± 0.7 <0.001
 Alcohol 7 ± 0.6 6 ± 0.5 8 ± 0.7 11 ± 0.6 <0.001
*

Cumulative times per month.

**

Dairy products included milk, yogurt, ice cream, and cheese.

Meat products included bacon, sausage, processed meats (e.g., hot dogs, salami, bologna), liver, beef, pork and ham.

Seafood included shrimp, clams, oysters, crab, lobster and fish.

§

Fruits included citrus fruits (e.g., oranges, grapefruits, tangerines), melons, peaches, mangos, apples, bananas and nectarines.

Vegetables included carrots, broccoli, brussel sprouts, cauliflower, potatoes, tomatoes, spinach/greens, tossed salad, cabbage, and peppers.

Cereals included bran cereals, cold/hot cereals, white/dark breads, rolls, muffins, and tortillas.