Fig. 2.
Control of vesicle formation through variation of the amplitude and number of inkjet pulses used to form each vesicle. (a) Vortex ring displacement as a function of time for fixed pulse number (15 pulses) and a range of pulse amplitudes: 10 V (red), 15 V (green), 20 V (violet), 25 V (blue), 30 V (magenta). (b) Vortex ring displacement as a function of time for fixed pulse amplitude (30 V) and a range of pulse numbers: 1 (red), 3 (green), 5 (violet), 9 (blue), 13 (magenta), 15 pulses (gold). For all ring displacements, the standard deviation between displacement values was less than 2% for N = 3. (c) Vesicle diameter as a function of pulse number for fixed pulse amplitude (35 V). Solid line is a power law curve fit with power 1/3, leading coefficient 75.3 μm, and R2 of 0.917. (d) Minimum number of pulses to create a vesicle as a function of pulse amplitude in volts. (e) Diameter of vesicle formed using minimum number of pulses, as recorded in part d, as a function of pulse amplitude in volts.