FIG. 7.

Treatment with TNF-α alters Shiga toxin 1-mediated apoptosis in the murine kidney. Mice were treated with saline (A), rmTNF-α alone (B), Stx1 alone (C), rmTNF-α 24 h before Stx1 exposure (pretreatment group) (D), or rmTNF-α 24 h after Stx1 injection (posttreatment group) (E). Kidneys were harvested 48 h after toxin administration and stained for the presence of apoptosis. (F) Apoptosis was quantified by counting the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells per high-power field, with three fields per treatment group. Statistical significance between the groups was assessed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison post test.