Binding of GII-4 P-domain proteins to human saliva samples. Boiled saliva samples were coated onto 96-well plates prior to the addition of P proteins from 16 strains of GII-4 viruses (98Y96C, 00Y96C, 00Y02C, 02Y02C, 03Y02C1, 03Y02C2, 2004-Hunter, 05Y04C, 2005-Sakai, 06Yb96C1, 06Y02C, 06Y06aC1, 06Y06aC2, 06Y06bC1, 06Y06bC2, and 08Y02C). The P proteins were tested in a series of 3-fold-dilution enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) (optical densities at 450 nm were averaged from at least two independent experiments). “O,” “A,” “B,” and “N” represent the type O (H antigen), A, B, and nonsecretor saliva, respectively. The amino acid (I or V) present at position 389 is indicated for each strain.